Threatened: Diamondback Water Snake

The Diamondback Water Snake (Nerodia rhombifer) is most commonly found along the Mississippi river valley.  Although, the species is not considered a federally threatened animal, it is listed by several states.  Therefore, it is illegal to capture or handle a diamondback water snake in those states. The main threat to … Continue reading

Chia Seeds

Chia (Salvia hispanica) is primarily grown for its seed, and has been used for over 2000 years for its nutritional value.  Chia seeds are very small (about 1mm in diameter) and are pretty much tasteless. They are most beneficial to us when they are eaten raw.  If one lets the … Continue reading

How to compost fruit and vegetable pulp

Anyone who regularly uses a juicer is aware of the enormous amount of unused pulp that is left over.  If you just throw this is in your trashcan, your kitchen can quickly become ripe.  Pulp is very fine and decomposes quickly because of its exposure to oxygen.  There are many … Continue reading

Sedimentation, Sturgeon, and the Endangered Species List

Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) are native to the marine and estuarine environments found from the East coast of Canada down to Florida.  They are benthic feeders that rely on the quality of the stream bottom for their survival.  Their spawning populations are decreasing dramatically in several waterways.  Most notably, … Continue reading

Uranium Mining in Virginia

Uranium has been found to be useful in civilian and military sectors.  Depleted uranium is used in armor piercing ammunition due to its density, hardness, and its ability to ignite spontaneously in air.  It has its uses in the civilian sector because it is the only naturally occurring fissile isotope … Continue reading

Selenium, West Virginia, and two-headed fish

Selenium is necessary for proper cellular function and is present in various foods such as nuts and tuna.  However, toxic levels of this element are linked to cirhossis of the liver in humans, and reproductive failure and deformities in aquatic species.  Mining operations that occur in areas that are high … Continue reading

Is Obesity Caused by Calorie Underestimation?

This study is similar to the law of diminishing returns, which is a concept that any economist or small business owner is familiar with.  Individuals are less likely to underestimate the caloric content in small portions of food than in larger ones, regardless of that individual’s body size.  The link … Continue reading

Endangered: The Indiana Bat

The Indiana Bat ( Myotis sodalis ) is a small, dark grey bat with a pinkish nose and small hind feet.  Its distribution ranges throughout much of the eastern United States, but in the winter they cluster together and hibernate in a small number of caves.  Within Indiana, about a … Continue reading